Correlating contexts and NFR conflicts from event logs

In the design of autonomous systems, it is important to consider the preferences of the interested parties to improve the user experience. These preferences are often associated with the contexts in which each system is likely to operate. The operational behavior of a system must also meet various non-functional requirements (NFRs), which can present different levels of conflict depending on the operational context. This work aims to model correlations between the individual contexts and the consequent conflicts between NFRs. The proposed approach is based on analyzing the system event logs, tracing them back to the leaf elements at the specification level and providing a contextual explanation of the system’s behavior. The traced contexts and NFR conflicts are then mined to produce Context-Context and Context-NFR conflict sequential rules. The proposed Contextual Explainability (ConE) framework uses BERT-based pre-trained language models and sequential rule mining libraries for deriving the above correlations. Extensive evaluations are performed to compare the existing state-of-the-art approaches. The best-fit solutions are chosen to integrate within the ConE framework. Based on experiments, an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 90%, a recall of 97%, and an F1-score of 88% are recorded for the ConE framework on the sequential rules that were mined

Driving the Technology Value Stream by Analyzing App Reviews

An emerging feature of mobile application software is the need to quickly produce new versions to solve problems that emerged in previous versions. This helps adapt to changing user needs and preferences. In a continuous software development process, the user reviews collected by the apps themselves can play a crucial role to detect which components need to be reworked. This paper proposes a novel framework that enables software companies to drive their technology value stream based on the feedback (or reviews) provided by the end-users of an application. The proposed end-to-end framework exploits different Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks to best understand the needs and goals of the end users. We also provide a thorough and in-depth analysis of the framework, the performance of each of the modules, and the overall contribution in driving the technology value stream. An analysis of reviews with sixteen popular Android Play Store applications from various genres over a long period of time provides encouraging evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed approach

Minimising conflicts among run-time non-functional requirements within DevOps

Significant contributions in the existing literature highlight the potential of softgoal interdependency graphs towards analyzing conflicting non-functional requirements (NFRs). However, such analysis is often at a very abstract level and does not quite consider the run-time performance statistics of NFR operationalizations. On the contrary, some initial empirical evaluations demonstrate the importance of the run-time statistics. In this paper, a framework is proposed that uses these statistics and combines the same with NFR priorities for computing the impact of NFR conflicts. The proposed framework is capable of identifying the best possible set of NFR operationalizations that minimizes the impact of conflicting NFRs. A detailed space analysis of the solution framework helps proving the efficiency of the proposed pruning mechanism in terms of better space management. Furthermore, a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) - based system behavioral model that works on top of the proposed framework, is defined and analyzed. An appropriate tool prototype for the framework is implemented as part of this research

Things as a service: Service model for IoT

Leveraging the benefits of service computing technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) can help in rapid system development, composition and deployment. But due to the massive scale, computational and communication constraints, existing software service models cannot be directly applied for IoT based systems. Service discovery and composition mechanism need to be decentralized unlike majority of other service models. Moreover, IoT services' interfaces require to be light weight and able to expose the device profile for seamless discovery onto the IoT based system infrastructure. In addition to this, the 'things' data should be associated with its present context. To address these issues, this paper proposes a formal model for IoT services. The service model includes the physical property of 'things' and exposes it to the user. It also associates the context with the 'things' output, which in turn helps in extracting relevant information from the 'things' data. To evaluate our IoT service model, a weather monitoring system and its associated services are implemented using node.js [31]. The service data is mapped to SSN ontology for generating context-rich RDF data. This way, the proposed IoT service model can expose the device profile to the user and incorporate relevant context information with the things data

Studies on ZnO Nanorods Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method and their Characterization

ZnO nanorods, with a wide band gap of 3.37 eV have been attracting much attention due to its wide range of applications. Looking to this aspect in the present paper, ZnO nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 120 C for 2 hrs in an autoclave by using zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as the starting materials. The final product obtained was then characterized by Energy Dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Raman Spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra showed that ZnO nanorods are belonging to wurtzite structure without any impurity phases. The ZnO nanorods shows polycrystalline behaviour as observed from SAED pattern and the calculated lattice parameters from this pattern which matches with the XRD results.The optical properties of the ZnO nanorods were then further studied with the help of absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and FTIR spectra. The optical energy band gap determined from the absorption spectra comes about 3.33 eV. In the photoluminescence spectra of ZnO nanorods the UV emission appears at 380 nm and strong blue emission appears at 445 nm. FTIR spectra indicate the existence of distinct characteristic absorption peak at 520 cm – 1 for ZnO stretching modes. The potential toxicity of nanosized ZnO nanorods were investigated using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marceseus and Proteus vulgaris bacteria as test organism. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3560

Computer Information Systems - Analysis and Technologies

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Information Systems, CISIM 2011, held in Kolkata, India, in December 2011. The 30 revised full papers presented together with 6 keynote taks and plenary lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on networking and its applications; agent-based systems; biometric applications; pattern recognition and image processing; industrial applications; algorithmic applications and data management; information and network security

Is current floodplain management a cause for concern for fish and bird conservation in Bangladesh’s largest wetland?

Worldwide, water regulatory structures have impacts on aquatic ecological connectivity. This study determined the effects of current sluice management on the fish community in the Baral River, a major connection to the largest wetland (Chalan Beel) in Bangladesh. It also examines wider problems for biodiversity conservation (particularly waterbirds) in that wetland, which has shrunk to 30% of its former dry-season size in 50 years. During the flood period, the peak breeding time for native floodplain fishes, sluices were in undershot operation (open by 16–60% of water depth). During this time, fish abundance and species richness were 229% and 155% higher respectively at sites upstream of the sluices, despite similar habitat upstream and downstream. Outside this period, when sluices were fully open, abundance and species richness were similar upstream and downstream. Fish samples were dominated by fry, which are susceptible to damage by sluices. Twenty (41.7%) of 48 fish species captured in this study are classed as threatened in Bangladesh and their abundance was significantly lower downstream of the sluices. Two alien species, Aristichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, were recorded, probably escapees from local aquaculture activities. Twenty-five species of wetland birds were recorded in the Chalan Beel. From interviews, 64% of these species appear to have decreased in the last 20 years, together with 11 more species that may have become locally extinct over this period. This suggests that widespread ecological disruption is occurring. Improved water management (e.g. gate opening height and duration) or modification (e.g. fish pass) of the Baral sluices is needed, to meet biodiversity and fisheries needs, rather than just for flood control and crop production. Improved hydrological and ecological connectivity and habitat protection are needed, as are a cessation of destructive fishing and seasonal fish ranching practices that currently provide synergistic pressures

The political economy of social policy and agrarian transformation in Ethiopia

This thesis is concerned with social policy during structural transformation, focusing on the case of Ethiopia. The thesis takes a realist, case-based approach to the study of social policy, which recognises that political actors construct the domain of 'social' policy within legitimising discourses in specific national-historical contexts. Social policy is a key aspect of state-society relations and an inherently political field of study. Consequently, the study integrates analysis of cleavages in domestic society along class and ethnic lines, the role of state organisations and international influences, and their impact on the social policy pronouncements by senior government officials and implementation of those policies on the ground. In the Ethiopian case, this approach highlights the centrality of land to social policy and state• society relations. In particular, state land ownership is a key part of the government's development strategy that aims to combine egalitarian agricultural growth with security for smallholders. Nevertheless, the failure to expand the use of productivity-enhancing agricultural inputs, which constitute key complements to the use of land for social objectives, has led to differentiation in social policy provision along class, gender, age and ethnic lines. Micro-level case studies link the land question to food security, including the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP), and processes of agricultural commercialisation, notably the so-called 'global land grab'. A main argument of the thesis is that the Ethiopian government is attempting to manage social processes in order to minimise the social and political upheaval involved in structural transformation, and that social pol icy is a central means by which it does so. The development strategy requires social policies that enable the government to control the allocation of factors of production, necessitating restrictions on the rights of individuals and groups. As such, this strategy is intricately intertwined with political authority.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management, CISIM 2012, held in Venice, Italy, in September 2012. The 35 revised full papers presented together with 2 keynote talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on security, access control and intrusion detection; pattern recognition and image processing; biometric applications; algorithms and data management; networking; and system models and risk assessment

Municipal wastewater can result in a dramatic decline in freshwater fishes: a lesson from a developing country

Impacts of ineffective wastewater management on the biodiversity of receiving waters in developing countries are poorly documented. Using a before-after-control-impact methodology, we measured the effects of untreated wastewater release on the fish community in the Barnoi River, Bangladesh. In 2006, prior to untreated wastewater discharge, fish abundance, species richness and water quality were similar across sampling sites. In 2016, after 8 years of wastewater release to the downstream reach, fish abundance and species richness were reduced by >47% and >35% respectively at downstream sites compared to unaffected upstream sites and >51% and >41% lower respectively compared to the pre-wastewater discharge period. The wastewater impact was particularly severe during months of low discharge (October–December). Water transparency, dissolved oxygen and pH were lower (P < 0.001) at impacted downstream sites compared to upstream sites. Nineteen species (41.3% of all species we recorded) are threatened in Bangladesh and the abundance of these species, except one, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the impacted sites. We recommend improved wastewater management by applying primary treatment facilities and incorporating reedbed filtration as a mean of biological treatment, into the canals carrying wastewaters. The success of such measures should be tested with fish species that were most responsive to wastewater, using the indicator species concept